Let’s talk about cavities for moment. Only 1% of Americans avoid tooth decay, so this probably pertains to you. Have you ever wondered, what are cavities, how do they form, and why do some people have more than others? No need to wonder. Here are the facts.
What are cavities and how do they form? The word “cavity” means a hole. A hole forms in tooth enamel when sugars and starches mix with saliva to create an acid that depletes enamel of minerals. Tooth enamel is the hardest substance in your body, and minerals give enamel strength. Demineralization of tooth enamel allows for erosion; holes, or cavities, form. Once the enamel is softened, bacteria can penetrate it. Over 600 types of bacteria are in our mouths, and the type known as Streptococcus mutans likes to feast on teeth. As bacteria eat mineral-depleted tooth enamel, decay forms.
Why do some people have more cavities than others? The pH scale is a ranking tool for gauging a substance’s acidity. The acid in our mouths ranks just under battery acid on the pH scale. Saliva and water help neutralize oral pH, but some people are simply prone to a consistently higher pH level. These folks tend to experience more tooth decay than others. Certain oral rinses can help balance oral pH. Also, drinking plenty of water and refraining from eating sugars, starches, and naturally acidic foods, like citrus fruits and tomatoes, can help. Other causes of high cavity rates include acid reflux, dry mouth, and taking certain medications.
How can you reduce your risk for cavities? As stated above, you should keep your mouth moist throughout the day, reduce sugars and starches, and limit or avoid acidic foods. You can also use fluoride toothpaste, mouthwash, and drink fluoridated water (tap water). Acids deplete minerals, but fluoride attracts minerals; fluoride helps re-mineralize tooth enamel. Dr. Martin or your hygienist can offer a fluoride rinse or varnish at your checkup, as well. For children under 14 years of age and adults who are prone to excessive tooth decay, dental sealants help protect back teeth. These clear plastic barriers stand between tooth enamel and outside influences, including acids.
Do you seem to have more cavities than your friends? Call Richmond Smile Center today at 888.22.SMILES, and we’ll schedule a time for you to visit with Dr. Martin about your concerns. He can assess your mouth, teeth, and oral environment, then recommend the best solution to reduce your risk for cavities.
